SRV : Service locator (RFC 2782)
Generalized service location record, used for newer protocols instead of creating protocol-specific records such as MX.

NS : name server record (RFC 1035)
Delegates a DNS zone to use the given authoritative name servers

TSIG : Transaction Signature (RFC 2845)
Record that supports one set of security mechanisms for DNS. Used to secure communication between DNS resolvers and Name servers, in contrast to DNSSEC, which secures the actual DNS records from the authoritative name server.

SPF : SPF record (RFC 4408)
Specified as part of the SPF protocol, as an alternative to storing SPF data in TXT records. Uses the same format as the TXT record.

DLV : DNSSEC Lookaside Validation record (RFC 4431)
For publishing DNSSEC trust anchors outside of the DNS delegation chain. Uses the same format as the DS record. RFC 5074 describes a way of using these records.

RRSIG : DNSSEC signature (RFC 4034)
Signature for a DNSSEC-secured record set. Uses the same format as the SIG record.

NSEC3PARAM : NSEC3 parameters (RFC 5155)
Parameter record for use with NSEC3

DS : Delegation signer (RFC 4034)
The record used to identify the DNSSEC signing key of a delegated zone

DNAME : delegation name (RFC 2672)
DNAME will delegate an entire portion of the DNS tree under a new name. In contrast, the CNAME record creates an alias of a single name. Like the CNAME record, the DNS lookup will continue by retrying the lookup with the new name.

TKEY : Transaction Key (RFC 2930)
One way of providing a key to be used with TSIG

PTR : pointer record (RFC 1035)
Pointer to a canonical name. Unlike a CNAME, DNS processing does NOT proceed, just the name is returned. The most common use is for implementing reverse DNS lookups, but other uses include such things as DNS-SD.

IPSECKEY : IPSEC Key (RFC 4025)
Key record that can be used with IPSEC

CERT : Certificate record (RFC 4398)
Stores PKIX, SPKI, PGP, etc.

DHCID : DHCP identifier (RFC 4701)
Used in conjunction with the FQDN option to DHCP

KEY : Key record (RFC 4034)
Used only for TKEY (RFC 2930). Before RFC 3755 was published, this was also used for DNSSEC, but DNSSEC now uses DNSKEY.

AFSDB : AFS database record (RFC 1183)
Location of database servers of an AFS cell. This record is commonly used by AFS clients to contact AFS cells outside their local domain. A subtype of this record is used by the obsolete DCE/DFS file system.

AAAA : IPv6 address record (RFC 3596)
Returns a 128-bit IPv6 address, most commonly used to map hostnames to an IP address of the host.

* : All cached records (RFC 1035)
Returns all records of all types known to the name server. If the name server does not have any information on the name, the request will be forwarded on. The records returned may not be complete. For example, if there is both an A and an MX for a name, but the name server has only the A record cached, only the A record will be returned.